Bulletin "Paektusan" Issued in Czech Republic
Pyongyang, June 10 (KCNA) -- The Paektusan Czech-Korean Friendship Association published a special issue of bulletin "Paektusan" Monday to commemorate the 43rd anniversary of Kim Jong Il's start of work at the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea.
The bulletin in an article titled "WPK and Kim Jong Il" told how he has developed the WPK into the party of President Kim Il Sung.
In another article titled "Essence of Songun Idea" it said the reality of Korea clearly proves that the Songun politics serves as an invincible weapon, an all-powerful treasured sword for the decisive victory in accomplishing the cause of independence against imperialism.
The bulletin said in an article titled "New Turn in the Building of an Economic Power": Kim Jong Il advanced the line of economic construction in keeping with the demand of the new century and enlisted the wisdom and energy of the popular masses by giving ceaseless on-the-spot guidance to various fields of the national economy. Thus, in the DPRK the flames of great upsurge are flaring up across the country and a bright prospect is being opened up for the economic development and the improvement of the standard of people's living.
Implementation of June 15 Joint Declaration Called for
Pyongyang, June 10 (KCNA) -- The June 15 touring group, which consists of members of the Youth and Students Solidarity for Implementing the June 15 Joint Declaration in south Korea, reportedly held a meeting in Seoul on Tuesday and announced its action program.
The group stated that it would set the period of its action from June 5 to 17 and wage information activities to call upon all the people to turn out in the implementation of the June 15 joint declaration while going round the whole area of south Korea in the period.
It also declared that it would hold a rally, a press conference, one-man demonstration and other various struggles to fully disclose the anti-reunification crimes of the Grand National Party and demand the dissolution of the traitorous party. In the meantime, the group will stage a "candlelight procession to mark the 5th anniversary of the death of Sin Hyo Sun and Sim Mi Son" in touch with civic and public organizations and thus create an atmosphere for ensuring the successful memorial service slated to be held in Seoul on June 13, it added.
Addressing the meeting, the head of the group said that they would strive for successfully ensuring the June 15 grand festival for national reunification and leading the memorial service to be an all-out struggle for driving the U.S. troops out of south Korea.
Heightened Vigilance against Imperialist Method of Aggression Urged
Pyongyang, June 10 (KCNA) -- The carrot-and-stick strategy is a hackneyed method of aggression employed by the imperialists, and the world people should sharpen vigilance against the imperialists' cunning and vicious moves for domination, Rodong Sinmun today says in a signed article.
The imperialists use the stick as an effective means in realizing their wild ambition for domination, the article notes, and goes on:
The U.S. ruling quarters are overpowering other countries and wantonly violating their sovereignty by military strength in disregard of the accepted international norms and regulations and international laws in a bid to submit the world to their own will. This is an intensive expression of bellicosity, shamelessness and ferocity of the U.S. imperialism, the kingpin of aggression and war seeking to dominate the world with the military whip.
The imperialists also use the carrot strategy in other countries. This does not mean change in their nature of aggression, and it is intended to attain their aims of domination by beating those countries with appeasement policy.
In recent years the U.S. has intensified the offensive of "export of democracy" in different regions and countries of the world including the Middle East region. It is an extension of the carrot strategy.
The imperialists regard the bourgeois ideological and cultural poisoning as an essence of the strategy of "spread of democracy" and attach great efforts to this. The U.S. is intensifying the psychological and strategic broadcasting towards different countries including the DPRK, Cuba and Iran while spreading through various channels and means the reactionary bourgeois idea and the rotten Yankee way of life and culture among the peoples in an attempt to bring about change in their idea and mentality. It is the calculation of the imperialists that they may easily achieve by carrot what they fail to do by whip.
The imperialists would offer "aid", "cooperation" and "loan" to other countries as if they show generosity. But, such offering does not come from their honest mind for sincere help to those countries and it is by no means for their prosperity. It is a means for securing their economic interests and realizing political and economic subordination and domination.
It is the bitter lesson taught by the present international situation that if any country cherishes illusion about the imperialists and implicitly follows them without heightened vigilance against such tactics, it cannot defend its own idea and principle in the revolution and construction and even it will be deprived of its sovereignty.
Greetings to Portuguese President
Pyongyang, June 10 (KCNA) -- Kim Yong Nam, president of the Presidium of the DPRK Supreme People's Assembly, Sunday sent a message of greetings to Anibal Cavaco Silva, President of Portugal, on the occasion of its national day.
Kim in the message expressed the belief that the relationship between the DPRK and Portugal would develop on good terms and wished the people of Portugal progress and prosperity.
S. Korean Bellicose Forces' Arms Buildup for War under Fire
Pyongyang, June 10 (KCNA) -- The south Korean bellicose forces' reckless arms buildup and war exercises are an open challenge to all the fellow countrymen and public opinion at home and abroad aspiring after peace in the Korean Peninsula and a grave provocation to the dialogue partner.
A spokesman for the Korean National Peace Committee said this in a statement released on Sunday.
The south Korean warlike forces recently decided to purchase latest fighter planes from the U.S. between 2012 and 2017. They are now speeding up the development and deployment of new-type warships while holding "ceremonies of launching warships" one after another.
They have also put spurs to the war maneuvers against the north, including the computer mock exercise codenamed "Thaeguk", allegedly to test the "operational capability" from late May.
In this regard, the spokesman in the statement said:
The south Korean bellicose forces, together with the U.S. and Japan, have done everything including development and deployment of ultra-modern war equipment, missile test-fire and war drills as they please, while criticizing even the DPRK's test-fire of one or two short-range missiles.
Their behavior is a treacherous criminal act of upsetting the June 15 joint declaration, wrecking the peace and spoiling the inter-Korean relations. It will also adversely affect the process of settling the nuclear issue of the Korean Peninsula.
The army and people of the DPRK will never remain an on-looker to the reckless arms buildup and war moves carried on by the south Korean warlike forces behind the curtain of dialogue.
The provokers will be to blame for the consequences to be entailed by such behavior.
Anniversary of South Korean People's June Resistance Marked
Pyongyang, June 10 (KCNA) -- A Pyongyang meeting was held at the Central Workers' Hall on Saturday to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the June popular resistance in south Korea.
Attending it were Kim Yong Dae, chairman of the C.C., the Korean Social Democratic Party, Kang Ryon Hak, chairman of the C.C., the Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland, leading officials of public organizations and educational organs and working people in the city.
An Kyong Ho, director of the Secretariat of the Committee for the Peaceful Reunification of the Fatherland, made a report at the meeting.
The reporter said that the resistance was a mass anti-U.S., anti-fascist popular one to put an end to the U.S. colonial rule and retake sovereignty, overthrow the fascist dictatorship and realize democracy in society.
Since the resistance, the south Korean people have more vigorously waged a mass struggle against the U.S. colonial rule and moves for division of the Korean nation, he noted, adding:
Their struggle for independence, democracy and reunification has entered a new phase of its development after the adoption of the historic June 15 joint declaration.
Their anti-U.S. and independent consciousness has drastically developed and vigorous struggles have been waged across south Korea to defend the national dignity and sovereignty, oppose the outsiders' domination, intervention and war moves and liquidate the crimes committed by the successive fascist dictators against the nation and ostracize their descendents.
The reporter called upon the south Korean people and all other fellow countrymen at home and abroad to valiantly turn out in the struggle against the U.S. and for independence so as to defend the dignity and sovereignty of the entire Korean nation, reunify the country without fail and reliably protect the peace of the country and security of the nation.
Struggle against U.S. and Pro-U.S. Conservatives Urged
Pyongyang, June 10 (KCNA) -- A spokesman for the Central Committee of the Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland released a statement on Saturday on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the heroic June popular resistance of the south Korean people.
Calling upon all the parties and factions and people from all walks of life in south Korea to take active part in the sacred struggle of justice for driving the U.S. troops out of south Korea and ostracizing the pro-U.S. conservative forces, the statement said:
The resistance fully proved that any outrageous suppression on the part of the pro-U.S. dictatorial forces could never prevent the advance of the popular masses who rose up in the cause of justice and the might of the people is inexhaustible.
The serious lesson drawn from the resistance is that if the anti-U.S., anti-dictatorship struggle to throw away the U.S. and fascist groups fails to be continued to the end, even the primary fruition of democratization gained by the popular masses at cost of their lives would be deprived of.
The U.S. is still now inflicting intolerable misfortune and pains upon the people in south Korea, behaving itself as its master. It is also hell-bent on the war exercises against the DPRK and the arms buildup, while persistently disturbing the reconciliation and unity of the Korean nation and Korea's reunification.
The pro-U.S. conservative forces, which were driven out of the "power" by the severe punishment of the history and the times, too, are running amuck with blood-shot eyes to retake the power, thirsting for the past when they had engaged themselves in all sorts of outrages and suppression, reigning over the popular masses.
Advance toward independence, democracy and reunification has become an irresistible trend of the times under the bright rays of the June 15 joint declaration. Any attempt to turn back the wheel of history is bound to face failure before such vigorous advance.
The people from all walks of life in south Korea should turn out in the struggle to smash the desperate challenges of the reactionaries of the history going against the June 15 era.
Kim Jong Il Highly Praised
Pyongyang, June 9 (KCNA) -- A meeting was held in Poland and a lecture and a film show in Ethiopia on June 1 and 4 and Bonakele Majuba, chairman of the South African Association of Friendship and Solidarity with the Korean People, released a statement on June 4 on the occasion of the 43rd anniversary of Kim Jong Il's start of work at the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK).
The chairman of the Opole Branch of the Poland-Korea Association said at a meeting that Kim Jong Il, basing himself on the great Juche idea, has perfected the idea and theory of party building on the highest level and put them into practice, thus increasing the militancy and role of the WPK, the staff of the revolution, in every way.
Nigatu Dagnachew, chairman of the Ethiopian Youth Study Group of the Juche Idea, said in the lecture that the WPK the whole membership of which is united close in thinking and will and moral sense of obligation would give fuller play to the invincible might under the leadership of Kim Jong Il.
The chairman of the South African Association of Friendship and Solidarity with the Korean People who is secretary of the Mfumalanga Provincial Committee of the South African Communist Party noted in a statement that the WPK has skillfully led the whole army and people to the victory of the unique cause of Songun under the wise leadership of Kim Jong Il.
Court Struggle for Abolition of NSL Declared in S. Korea
Pyongyang, June 9 (KCNA) -- The People's Solidarity for Abolition of the "National Security Law (NSL)," the People for Achieving Peace and Reunification and the Solidarity for Implementing the South-North Joint Declaration in south Korea reportedly held a candlelight cultural event in front of the Seoul Metropolitan District Court and declared a court struggle for the abolition of the NSL and release of pressman Ri Si U on June 5.
At the cultural event the organizations stressed that they would conduct an all-people movement for the repeal of the evil law on a full-scale.
The Measure Committee for the Release of Photographer-Writer Ri Si U made up of 36 civic and public organizations of south Korea including the General Federation of National Artists of south Korea, the Green Federation and the Internet Journalists Association of south Korea declared that they would stage a photo exhibition and signature campaign, etc. to cope with the judicial authorities' action for prosecution.
The Bar Association for Democratic Society asserted that it would form a joint group of lawyers and together with men of culture and press and members of public organizations it would submit to the court materials refuting the charges of violation of the NSL and leakage of military secret brought against Ri Si U.
The Family Movement for Realizing Democracy emphasized that it would send an appeal demanding the release of Ri Si U and a signature paper and others to the authorities and file materials on the suppression of the pressman to international organizations to create an international environment for his release.
All-out Actions against FTA Called for in S. Korea
Pyongyang, June 9 (KCNA) -- The south Korean Confederation of Trade Unions reportedly called a press conference in Seoul on Tuesday at which it called for all-out actions of June to check the increase of the number of part-timers and the conclusion of the "Free Trade Agreement" between south Korea and the U.S.
At the conference the KCTU assailed the south Korean authorities for persistently carrying on the negotiations for the conclusion of the FTA with the U.S. and contemplating enforcing the "bill on part-time jobs" railroaded through "an extraordinary session of the National Assembly" in south Korea late last year at any cost.
It is an urgent task facing the south Korean workers to wage a dynamic struggle to check the increase of the number of part-timers and the conclusion of the FTA under this situation, the organization noted.
Actions against GNP Staged
Pyongyang, June 9 (KCNA) -- Members of the Solidarity for Implementing the South-North Joint Declaration and its affiliated organizations in Seoul, Pusan, Kwangju, Taejon and Jeju reportedly waged "May actions against the Grand National Party" in the period from May 21 to 31.
The members of the Solidarity for Implementing the South-North Joint Declaration who had held 100 street meetings inviting people to hear speeches critical of the GNP in last March and April conducted information service disclosing and flaying the sycophantic and traitorous acts of the GNP against reunification at major points of every area during the period of the May campaign.
U.S. Air War Exercises against DPRK Escalate
Pyongyang, June 9 (KCNA) -- The war planes of the U.S. imperialist aggression troops are staging frantic air war exercises against the DPRK these days, straining the situation on the Korean Peninsula, according to a military source.
On June 7, overseas-based formations of F/A-18 were busy with long-distance navigation exercises of returning to their base non-stop after dropping bombs under the simulated conditions of an actual war.
On June 5 and 8, warmongers of the U.S. imperialist aggression forces kicked up war atmosphere by transferring pursuit assault planes, refueling tanker and commanding planes from their bases in Japan to their air force bases in south Korea.
In the meantime, a total of more than 300 war planes including overseas-based flying corps and fighter bombers and assault planes belonging to the 7th Air Force of the U.S. imperialist aggression troops in south Korea were busy with air battle drills and exercises of striking targets on the ground and providing close air support in the sky above Kyonggi and South Kangwon and North and South Chungchong provinces while being refueled by KC-135 in mid-air under the unified command of E-3.
Frustration of Imperialists' Moves for Economic Destabilization Called for
Pyongyang, June 9 (KCNA) -- Economic destabilization is one of the methods of aggression stepped up by the imperialists at present.
Rodong Sinmun Saturday says this in a signed article.
It goes on:
The economic destabilization operations conducted by the imperialists against former Yugoslavia and Iraq convinced them that they could easily stifle and bring down progressive countries by that method. They are now working hard to disrupt or throw into confusion the economies of non-aligned and other developing countries in various fields.
The U.S. imperialists are now busy putting into motion reptile media to malignantly slander the economic systems in the above-said countries in a bid to advertise the "advantages" of the capitalist economy. They are, at the same time, infiltrating spies and saboteurs into those countries to destroy their economies and create economic confusion and disorder. They are also keen to deter the above-said countries from carrying on economic construction in peace by escalating the tension to the extremes through the beef-up of their armed forces and ceaseless military exercises in different parts of the world and taking a series of shocking military measures little short of a declaration of war.
Sanctions are a main part of their moves for economic destabilization and financial sanctions are the most vicious of them.
The chief aim sought by the U.S. through the financial sanctions is to put those countries under their financial control in a bid to intensify domination, interference and exploitation and plunder of them.
It is, therefore, an urgent demand of the era to frustrate the moves of the imperialists for economic destabilization.
It is of urgent necessity to destroy the outdated unequal international economic order and build instead a new fair one, the article notes, calling on the above-mentioned countries to boost the South-South cooperation.
Phungsan Dog
Pyongyang, June 9 (KCNA) -- The Phungsan dog native to Korea is famous in the world.
The dog is very clever and quick. It displays its courage to the full in hunt and fight against formidable rivals.
A Phungsan dog trained for hunting searches well and takes the lead in the fight with the rival animal, compared with other kinds of dogs.
Its hind legs are big and strong so that it runs well in mountains.
Its fur color is grayish white or yellowish brown.
Its height is 55-60 centimeters and the ratio of its length to height is 2:1.
A male gets mature within six months and a female within 7-8 months. A bitch is in pup for 60-70 days and delivers 2-3 puppies, 6 at maximum in a litter.
The Phungsan dog is highly resistant to cold and various diseases and has a good appetite. So it grows rapidly.
It has been registered and protected as a natural treasure in the DPRK long ago.
Greetings to Queen of UK
Pyongyang, June 9 (KCNA) -- Kim Yong Nam, president of the Presidium of the DPRK Supreme People's Assembly, sent a message of greetings to Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Saturday on the national day of the country, her official birthday.
The message wished her good health and happiness.
Pyongyang Mineral Water
Pyongyang, June 9 (KCNA) -- Pyongyang Mineral Water springing out in Hyongjesan District, Pyongyang is famous for its medicinal effect.
The water comes naturally to the surface from 220 meters under the ground. And it is gushing out about 70 cubic meters a day.
The water per liter contains 17 mg of metasilicic acid, 2 mg of hydrogen sulphide, 1,150 mg of chloride-ion, 490 mg of hydrocarbonate acid-ion and 800-900 mg of sodium-ion. It, pH 7.8, is 12-14 degrees centigrade.
It was proved good for chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, chronic enterocolitis, chronic bronchitis, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, arthritis and dermatosis as it has secretion-controlling in gastrointestinal tract, excitometabolic, expectorant, anti-inflammatory and blood-pressure lowering functions.
Diatribe of Conservative Media of S. Korea Refuted
Pyongyang, June 9 (KCNA) -- Conservative media in south Korea including Dong-A Ilbo and Munhwa Ilbo recently let loose piffles that the idea of "By our nation itself" is the "north's strategy toward the south," complaining about the stipulation in the joint press release adopted at the 21st north-south ministerial talks of the fact that the inter-Korean relations should be developed in conformity with the spirit of "By our nation itself."
A spokesman for the Committee for the Peaceful Reunification of the Fatherland said in a statement issued on Saturday refuting such diatribe:
This is nothing but a rash traitorous act of denying the June 15 joint declaration and inciting north-south confrontation. It only reflects the extreme uneasiness and concern of the United States and the south Korean conservative forces over the fact that the idea of "By our nation itself" is displaying ever greater vitality and the spirit of national independence and reunification through alliance with the north is mounting high as the days go by.
The idea of "By our nation itself" is, to all intents and purposes, not for a single party but for all Koreans in the north and the south.
The south Korean conservative media's mud-slinging at the DPRK as regards the idea of "By our nation itself" not only proves that they represent the political imbeciles but betrays their criminal design to stem the trend of the June 15 era of independent reunification and bring the spirit of achieving reunification through alliance with the north back to that of confrontation with the north.
Denying the above-said idea is little short of negating the joint declaration and opposing concord, cooperation, peace and reunification.
No matter what rhetoric one may produce, the idea of "By our nation itself" will remain an immortal banner for achieving the country's reunification and carving out the destiny of the nation.
For Spanish-speaking people
Rodong Sinmun subraya necesidad de frustrar la subversion economica
Pyongyang, 9 de junio (ATCC) -- El diario Rodong Sinmun, en un articulo individual insertado en su edicion de este sabado, revela que la subversion de la economia de otros paises es uno de los metodos de agresion de los imperialistas.
@A traves de los casos de ex Yugoslavia e Iraq, los imperialistas llegaron a convencerse de que con ese metodo pueden aplastar y derrocar facilmente a los paises progresistas, afirma el articulista y prosigue:
@En tal sentido, maniobran para destruir o desestabilizar en todos los ambitos la economia de los paises no alineados y en vias de desarrollo.
En particular, a traves de los medios de prensa venales, los imperialistas norteamericanos censuran perversamente el sistema economico de aquellos paises y propagan la supuesta "superioridad" de la economia capitalista. En tanto, mandan a esos paises a sus espias y saboteadores para arruinar la economia y causar el disturbio economico.
@Ademas, aumentan sus fuerzas armadas y despliegan incesantemente los ejercicios militares en varias partes del mundo y anuncian las medidas militares como la declaracion de guerra con la intencion de impedir a los paises mencionados construir tranquilamente su economia, al exacerbar intencionalmente la situacion.
Lo clave de ese sabotaje economico es la sancion y la forma mas cruenta de esta es la sancion financiera.
El objetivo principal, que persigue EE.UU. a traves de la sancion financiera, es convertir a los paises no alineados y en vias de desarrollo en las colonias de su capital e intensificar la dominacion, la intervencion, la explotacion y el saqueo sobre ellos.
Hoy dia, frustrar tales maniobras de los imperialistas deviene una prioridad de la epoca actual.
Igualmente, es preciso erradicar el viejo y desigual orden economico internacional y establecer el otro nuevo e imparcial. Para ello, los paises no alineados y en vias de desarrollo deben ampliar y fortalecer la cooperacion Sur-Sur.
Perro de Phungsan-patrimonio nacional
Pyongyang, 9 de junio (ATCC) -- El perro de Phungsan, oriundo de Corea, adquiere la fama mundial.
Es inteligente, habil y valiente en la caza y la pelea con sus rivales.
Este perro bien entrenado para la caza es diestro en la guardia por tener olfato muy fino.
Tiene patas traseras gruesas, recias y rectas que convienen a las zonas montanosas, pelaje de color blanco ceniciento y marron amarillento.
La talla es de 55 a 60 cm. y la proporcion del largo y alto del cuerpo es de 2:1
El macho tiene madurez sexual a los 6 meses y la hembra a los 7-8 meses y la prenez es de 60 a 70 dias. La hembra gestada da a luz 2, 3, 6 cachorros.
El perro de Phungsan es resistente al frio y enfermedades, es guloso y de crecimiento rapido.
Desde hace tiempo el perro fue definido como patrimonio nacional en Corea.
Aviones de EE.UU. siguen ejercitando guerra contra la RPDC
Pyongyang, 9 de junio (ATCC) -- Segun fuentes castrenses, los aviones de combate de las tropas agresoras estadounidenses despliegan desesperadamente en el cielo surcoreano los ejercicios belicos contra la Republica Popular Democratica de Corea agravando la situacion de la Peninsula Coreana.
El pasado dia 7, las escuadrillas de "F/A-18" provenientes de una base ultramarina desarrollaron un ejercicio de combate real, inclusive la navegacion a larga distancia para lanzar bombas y regresar a su base sin aterrizaje.
Los dias 5 y 8, se trasladaron de las bases en Japon a las en el Sur de Corea los aviones de distintas misiones como los de caza y asalto, los nodrizas y los de mando.
Al mismo tiempo, las aviaciones provenientes de las bases ultramarinas y mas de 300 aeronaves como cazabombarderos y aviones de asalto de la 7a fuerza aerea estadounidense ocupante del Sur de Corea sobrevolaron las provincias de Kyonggi, de Kangwon (de la parte surcoreana), de Chungchong del Norte y del Sur entregandose a los ejercicios de combate aereo, el ataque a los objetivos terrestres y el refuerzo aereo a corta distancia.
@Ese ejercicio provocativo se realizo bajo el mando unificado del "E-3" y en colaboracion con el avion nodriza "KC-135".
CRPP desmiente las versiones de medios de prensa del Sur de Corea
Pyongyang, 9 de junio (ATCC) -- Recientemente, los medios de prensa conservadores del Sur de Corea como "Dong-A Ilbo" y "Munhwa Ilbo" censuraron el comunicado conjunto aprobado en las recien celebradas XXI conversaciones ministeriales Norte-Sur reportando que esta nota contiene en una de sus clausulas la idea de ajustar las relaciones intercoreanas al fundamento del ideal "entre nosotros, los connacionales".
Al mismo tiempo, difundieron versiones absurdas sobre ese ideal calificandolo de "estrategia del Norte sobre el Sur".
Al respecto, el portavoz del Comite por la Reunificacion Pacifica de la Patria (CRPP) emitio este sabado la siguiente declaracion:
Este hecho muestra la gran inquietud y preocupacion de Estados Unidos y las fuerzas conservadoras surcoreanas por la cada dia mas creciente vigencia del ideal referido y por la acentuacion a escala nacional del clima por la independencia nacional y la reunificacion pro-Norte, siendo una accion antinacional para negar la Declaracion Conjunta del 15 de Junio y fomentar la confrontacion fratricida entre ambas partes de Corea.
Tal como se puede parafrasear, el ideal "entre nosotros, los connacionales" no es beneficiar a una parte sino a toda la nacion coreana del Norte y el Sur.
Al criticar este lema vinculandolo con el Norte, esos medios de prensa mostraron su analfabetismo en el plano politico y su intento criminal de bloquear la corriente de la epoca de reunificacion independiente del 15 de Junio e inducir el clima de reunificacion pro-Norte en la confrontacion con este.
La negativa al ideal en cuestion da lo mismo que oponerse a la Declaracion Conjunta referida y a la armonia, la colaboracion, la paz y la reunificacion.
Digan lo que digan los detractores, ese ideal resultara para siempre la bandera de la causa de reunificacion de la patria y de la forja del destino nacional.